141. Static programs of the computer system are stored in...
Correct! Static, critical startup programs (like the Bootstrap loader/BIOS) are stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) or Firmware so they are not lost when power is cut.
142. High performance computing of the computer system tasks are done by...
Correct! Beowulf clusters are a specific class of high-performance computing clusters designed to solve complex calculations using parallel processing.
143. Octa core processor are the processors of the computer system that contains...
Correct! "Octa" implies eight. An octa-core processor has 8 independent cores on a single chip.
144. Secondary memory of the computer system is able to store...
Correct! Secondary memory (Hard Drive) stores static **Data** and **Instructions** (Programs). "Processes" exist only in RAM (Main Memory) while running.
145. Control processing unit loads instructions that are executed from...
Correct! The CPU can only execute instructions that are loaded into Main Memory (RAM).
146. For running TOPS-20 kernel simulator that is mainly used is...
Correct! TOPS-20 was the operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-10 mainframe, specifically the DECSYSTEM-20.
147. One that is not an operating system mode is...
Correct! Standard texts define the dual-mode operation as **User Mode** and **Kernel Mode** (also called **Supervisor Mode**). While "System mode" is used in some specific architectures (like ARM), in general OS theory questions, it is often the odd one out.
148. Dynamic random access memory with battery backup is...
Correct! NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM) retains information when power is turned off, often by using a battery backup.
149. MB in memory storage stands for...
Correct! MB stands for Mega Byte (approx 1 million bytes). "Mb" (lowercase b) usually stands for Mega bit.
150. First process that is executed by operating system during booting is...
Correct! In UNIX/Linux systems, `init` (or systemd in newer systems) is the first process started by the kernel and has a Process ID (PID) of 1.
151. Multiprocessor environment of the computer system uses...
Correct! Tightly coupled multiprocessor systems share resources like the system bus, memory, and clock.
152. A software generated interrupt caused by an error during program execution is called...
Correct! A trap (or exception) is a synchronous interrupt caused by the software, such as division by zero or invalid memory access.
153. DMA is the part of computer system which is an abbreviation of...
Correct! DMA (Direct Memory Access) allows hardware subsystems to access main memory independently of the central processing unit (CPU).
154. Quad core processors are the processors having...
Correct! "Quad" means four. It refers to a chip with 4 CPU cores.
155. Each blade server of the computer system has its own...
Correct! A blade server is a stripped-down computer that includes its own processor, memory, and **Operating System**, but shares power and cooling with the chassis.
156. One byte memory storage is a collection of...
Correct! 1 Byte is strictly defined as a collection of 8 **bits**.
157. In operating system, a software may trigger an interrupt executing a special operation it is called as...
Correct! A System Call is how a program requests a service from the kernel (like opening a file), triggering a software interrupt.
158. Workstation or server users uses what kind of resources?
Correct! While servers share resources, this question phrasing typically refers to **Workstations**, which are defined by providing **dedicated** high-performance resources to a single user (unlike mainframes).
159. Memories that lose their contents when power of the computer system is turned off is called...
Correct! RAM is a classic example of Volatile memory; it requires power to maintain the stored data.
160. The central processing unit of the computer system is never idle as long as it executes...
Correct! In multiprogramming, the CPU is never idle as long as there is at least **1 job** (process) ready to execute.
161. All components of computer system are connected through...
Correct! The Bus (Data bus, Address bus, Control bus) is the communication system that transfers data between components.
162. Operating systems that can be modified and distributed are called...
Correct! Open Source software (like Linux) provides the source code, allowing users to study, change, and distribute it.
163. Saving the data and making its copy for the future use is called...
Correct! "Backup" is the specific term for copying data to a separate medium for recovery purposes.
164. Symmetric multiprocessing in the computer system does not use...
Correct! In Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP), all processors are peers. **Asymmetric** Multiprocessing uses a Master-Slave relationship.
165. System containing only one processor is called...
Correct! As the name implies, a Single Processor system has one CPU.
166. The ability of an operating system to execute multiple programs via switching is...
Correct! Multiprogramming organizes jobs (code and data) so that the CPU always has one to execute.
167. One gigabyte memory storage in the form of bytes is equal to...
Correct! 1 KB = 1024 bytes. 1 MB = 1024². 1 GB = 1024³.
168. ISR is an interrupt program that stands for...
Correct! ISR stands for Interrupt Service Routine (or Interrupt Handler).
169. One that is not a part of a computer system is...
Correct! A computer system consists of Hardware, OS, Application Programs, and Users. "Vendors" are the external sellers.
170. Along with kernel, operating system also contains...
Correct! An Operating System is generally defined as the Kernel (the core) plus the **System Programs** (utilities like shells, compilers, and file managers) that make the computer useful.
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